Sewer construction



Aug. 27, 1935.. G. E. BRADBEf-:R

SEWER CONSTRUCTION Filed Dec. l, 1954 IVENOR. 5 /TH-ER.

Patented Aug. 27, 1935 UNITED STAT-Es:

PATENT OFFICE,

1'3 Claims.

This invention relates to an improved sewer construction which eliminates the destructive eiects of gases The general object of the invention is topro-- vide a gravity sewer system so constructed that gases will not destroy the sewer conduit.

The fundamental principle of my invention is to provide means to obstruct or check the flow of sewage in its normal channel without reducing the normal capacity flow of the sewer, but causing the level oi the sewage upgrade from the obstruction to rise and completely inundate and submerge the internal surface of the conduitxto any predetermined point or elevation, thuseliminating the gases and consequent deterioration.

Another object of. the invention is to provide a sewer' system including novel means built into the sewer to prevent the sewer gases from harming the conduits.

A further object of the invention is to provide a sewer system including means to retain the sewer conduits completely full at all times.

Other objects and the advantages of this in* vention will be apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing wherein:

Fig. 1 is fragmentary central vertical section through a sewer system embodying the features of my invention;

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing a modilied form of construction;

Fig. 3 is a section taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2.; and,

Fig. 4 is a section taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

My improved construction is adaptable for use in sewers regardless of the kind of material of which they are composed or constructed and a1- though in the following description I have shown my invention as embodied in a sewer system indicated generally at lil, it will be understood that this is merely indicant of one type of installation. i

As shown the system I comprises a conduit I2 having a plurality of manholes or chambers I3 interposed therein. My improved construction as shown is particularly adaptableto large trunk lines wherein the conduit I2 may be jointed concrete or vitriiied clay pipe or monolithic,` but it will be understood that my invention is of general application and is not limited in itsV scope or application.

The manholes I3 may be of standard construction with the addition `of vertical partitions or dams I 5, of any desired type, which as shown are located at each manhole and extend upward from the bottom. of the manhole and across the manhole at an angle to the conduit I 2. As is customary the conduit I2V is on agrade te provide gravity dow.

Standard stubs, It, chimneys I'I' or any other 5,

' ber or manhole. As shown the dams l5 are of a height equal to or slightly higher than the level of the top of the conduit I 2, where it opens, as indicated at I8, into the next manhole upgrade and suiiicien-t space is arranged for above the top of the. dam to permitv maximum sewer flow. The height oi the obstructions. may be varied to back up the sewage to any predetermined point or elevation. tothereby retard the sewage and inundate l the conduit. Thus, when sewage is admitted to the. system, Illit flows through the conduit I2 to the first manhole I3 where the dam I5 restricts passageway therethrough until the sewage rises to the top of the dam. When the sewage reaches the top of the dam I5 the portion of the conduit I 2 upgrade therefrom is completely filled with sewage and thus no gases can form and be disengaged in the conduit.

As additional sewage lio-ws into the manhole it passes over the dam and ilows through the conduit I 2 to the next manhole where it is again stopped by the dam I5 therein until the level of the sewage rises to the top of the dam. The manholes provide a vent so that there is no pressure or Siphon action or anything to limit the normal flow. Thus in a sewer system embodying the features of my invention the conduit I2 between each manhole is at all times completely filled with sewage thereby preventing the for- ,40 mation and release of gases in the conduit I 2.

In Figs. 3, 4 and 5, I have indicated a modiiied type of sewer system, embodying the features of my invention, generally at 20. The system I ll is similar to that shown in Fig. l and like portions thereof are indicated by similarly primed reference numerals. In the system 2D, the dam I 5' has an aperture 2| therein adjacent the intersection of the dam and bottom of the manhole. To control passageway through the aperture 2l 50 I provide a gate valve 22 which may be of any desired construction and includes an operating member 23. In operation the gate '-ialve 22 may be opened fully or partially to regulate the amount of sewage passing through the aperture 2 I. Adjacent the manhole i3' I provide a shunt conduit 24 one end of which opens into the conduit i2 upgrade from the manhole as indicated at 25 and the opposite end of the shunt conduit opens into the conduit `downgrade from the manhole, as indicated at 26.

Adjacent the end iii of the shunt conduit 2t I provide a small chamber or manhole 2l! through which the conduit 2 passes. In the manhole iii I provide a gate valve 28 which may be located where desired in the conduit 2li and which controls passage through the conduit. The valve 2B like the valve 22 may be oi any desired construction and includes an operating member 29. When it is desired to work in the manhole I3 the gate valve 28 is opened to allow free passageway through the shunt conduit 263 whereupon the sewage upgrade from the shunt conduit ows through the shunt conduit around the manhole i3- and back into the conduit i2 downgrade from the manhole. When the shunt conduit 2d is used the aperture 2i in the dam i5 may be omitted and the gate valve 28 opened a slight distance to allow a portion of the sewage to pass through the shunt conduit 24 so that the manhole will not be filled.

With my invention the sewer is maintained at capacity by the use of the dams or similar barriers which are arranged at such location or locations as conditions and good engineering may require.

If desired the exposed portions which will not be submerged under the flow of sewage, such as the manhole wall i8 above the portion i8 and the lower face l5 of the dam i5, may be made of or covered with vitreous material.

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that I have provided a sewer system of novel construction which prevents formation and release of gases in the sewer conduits.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a gravity sewer system, a length of conduit, said conduit being arranged on a grade, means in said conduit'to retard the now therein, said means being disposed so that the normal flow of sewage thereover causes a head which backs up the sewage sufficiently to inundate the entire length of conduit above the obstruction, and means to vent the conduit.

2. In a gravity sewer system, a conduit, said conduit being arranged on a grade, an enlarged chamber interposed in said conduit, a partition in said chamber extending thereacross, said partition being arranged and disposed to obstruct normal flow of sewage causing level of same, upgrade, to rise until it can flow over top or crest of partition, thus submerging interior of conduit, upgrade from partition to a point or elevation equal in height or elevation to the crest or top of iiow over partition, space over partition to be vented to surf ace of ground to prevent either pressure or Siphon eiect.

3. In a sewer system, a conduit, said conduit being arranged on a grade, an enlarged chamber interposed in said conduit, a partition in said chamber extending thereacross, said partition extending upward in said chamber, said partition being of a height so that the normal flow of sewage thereover causes a head which backs up the sewage sufficiently to inundate the portion of the conduit above the chamber.

4. In a sewer system, a conduit, said conduit being on a grade, a plurality of chambers interposed in said conduit, and a valved partition in each oi said chambers, said partitions being of a height so that the normal flow of sewage thereover causes a head which backs up the sewage sumciently to inundate the conduit to the next higher chamber.

5. In a sewer system, a conduit, said conduit being arranged on a grade, a plurality of enlarged chambers interposed in said conduit, and a par-- tition in each of said chambers extending there-- across at an angle to said conduit, said partitions being of a height so that the normal ow of sewage thereover causes a head which backs up the sewage suiciently to inundate the conduit. to the next higher chamber.

6. In a sewer system, a conduit, said conduit being arranged on a grade, an enlarged chamber interposed in said conduit, a partition in said chamber extending thereacross, said partition being oi a height so that the normal flow of sewage thereover causes a head which backs up the sewage suiiciently to inundate the portion of the conduit above the chamber, said partition having an aperture and adjustable means to control pas# sage through said aperture.

'7. In a sewer system, a conduit, said conduit being arranged on a grade, a plurality of enlarged chambers interposed in said conduit, and a partition in each of said chambers extending thereacross at an angle to said conduit, said partitions being of a height so that the normal flow oi sewage thereover causes a head which backs up the sewage sufciently to inundate the conduit to the next higher chamber, each of said partitions having an aperture and movable means to control passage through said apertures.

8. In a sewer system, a conduit, said conduit being arranged on a grade, a plurality of chambers interposed in said conduit, a partition in each of said chambers extending thereacross at an angle to said conduit, said partitions being of a height so that the normal flow of sewage thereover causes a head which backs up the sewage suiiiciently to inundate the conduit to the next higher chamber, a shunt conduit adjacent each of said chambers, one end of said shunt conduits opening into said conduit upgrade from its associated chamber and the opposite end opening into said conduit downgrade from its associated chamber, and adjustable means adjacent the upgrade ends of saidV shunt conduits to control passage through said shunt conduits.

9. In a sewer system, a conduit, said conduit being arranged on a grade, a plurality of enlarged chambers interposed in said conduit, a partition in each of said chambers extending thereacross at an angle to said conduit, said partitions being of a height so that the normal ow of sewage thereover causes a head which backs up the sewage sufficiently to inundate the conduit to the next higher chamber, each of said partitions having an aperture, movable means to control passage through said apertures, a shunt conduit adjacent each of said chambers, one end of said shunt conduits opening into said conduit upgrade from its associated chamber and the opposite end opening into said conduit downgrade from its associated chamber, and adjustable means adjacent the upgrade ends of each shunt conduit to control passage through said shunt conduits.

l0. In a sewer system, a conduit, said conduit being arranged on a grade, an enlarged chamber interposed in said conduit, a partition in said chamber extending thereacross, said partition being of a height so that the normal flow oi sewage thereover causes a head which backs up the sewage sufficiently to inundate the portion of the conduit above the chamber, said partition having an aperture and adjustable means to control passage through said aperture, a shunt conduit adjacent said chamber, one end of said shunt conduit opening into said conduit upgrade from said chamber and the opposite end opening into said conduit downgrade from said chamber, and adjustable means to control passage through said shunt conduit.

11. In a gravity sewer system, a conduit comprising a plurality of connected lengths, each length having an inlet portion and an outlet portion, said outlet portion including a part over which sewage flows, said part being of a height so that a normal flow of sewage thereover causes a head which backs up the sewage suiciently to entirely inundate the length of conduit above the said part.

12. In a gravity sewer system, a conduit laid on a grade and comprising a plurality of connected lengths, each of said lengths having an inlet portion and an outlet portion and obstructing means in each of said lengths, said obstructing means being disposed at a location to maintain the uid in the length directly above the obstructing means at a level whereby it completely lls the length.

13. The method of eliminating the destructive eiects of gases upon the walls of sewers comprising providing a conduit including a plurality of lengths and maintaining the sewage in each length under a head which backs up the sewage a suflicient distance to completely inundate the length.

GEORGE E. BRADBEER. 

